English arabic calendar converter

You can change the format of the resulted Gregorian date if you want. The Islamic calendar , also known as the Muslim or Hijri calendar, is used as a religious dating system in the Muslim world. It is based on a 12 12 1 2 month year beginning at the time of the new moon every month. The Dhu al-Hijjah has 29 29 2 9 days in nineteen years, while the other 11 11 1 1 years have 30 30 3 0 days. Therefore, 3 5 4 or 3 5 5 days are in a year. No months are inserted so that the months do not stay in the same seasons but return every At that time, Europe was following the Julian calendar, first implemented in 46 46 4 6 B.

The calendar had not been in accordance with the seasons since the Roman emperor miscalculated the solar year by 11 11 1 1 minutes. It meant that each year, Easter, which traditionally took place on 21 21 2 1 March, fell further away from the spring equinox. In February every four years the Julian calendar included an extra day. However, the Italian scientist who developed the Pope Gregory system in 1 5 8 2 was Aloysius Lilius. He realized that adding so many days made the calendar too long.

He engineered a modification in a way that unless the year is 1 0 0 times divisible, a leap day is added every in the year that is divisible by 4 4 4. A leap day is added even if the year can also be split by 4 0 0. The lag created by Julius Caesar's earlier calendar has been almost overcome although this formula may sound confusing.

Lilius's ingenious solution is still 26 26 2 6 seconds off to align the calendar with the seasons. As a consequence, a difference of several hours arose in the years after Gregory published his calendar in 1 5 8 2.

Due to this difference, the Gregorian calendar will be a full day ahead of the solar year by the year 4 9 0 9. The Date Converter is not only beneficial for Muslims but even non-Muslims living in Muslim countries can benefit from it and get to know about the upcoming holidays well in advance. Moreover, you can even check the Islamic date and year that you were born in. Simply log on to our website and enter your date of birth in the Date Converter and it will churn out your Islamic date of birth along with the Hijri year you were born in!

Most of the time, Muslim households do have the latest Islamic Calendars however it is for the month of Ramadan only. So it can be quite frustrating at times when you need to know the Islamic date on an urgent basis and do not have an Islamic Calendar at your disposal.

But now you can simply open up the IslamicFinder website and get your hands on the Islamic Calendar of any year and can view and compare the Islamic dates with those of the Gregorian Calendar without any hassle. So if you want to make plans according to the Islamic dates or holidays, you can access the IslamicFinder Date Converter now! Promote your business in Germany Learn More. Contact Us. This calendar has no concept of year numbers; it simply repeats at the end of the complete day cycle.

Consequently, it is not possible, given a date in the Haab calendar, to determine the Long Count or year in other calendars. The day cycle provides better alignment with the solar year than the day tun of the Long Count but, lacking a leap year mechanism, the Haab calendar shifted one day with respect to the seasons about every four years.

The Mayan religion employed the Tzolkin calendar, composed of 20 named periods of 13 days. Unlike the Haab calendar, in which the day numbers increment until the end of the period, at which time the next period name is used and the day count reset to 0, the names and numbers in the Tzolkin calendar advance in parallel.

On each successive day, the day number is incremented by 1, being reset to 0 upon reaching 13, and the next in the cycle of twenty names is affixed to it. Since 13 does not evenly divide 20, there are thus a total of day number and period names before the calendar repeats. As with the Haab calendar, cycles are not counted and one cannot, therefore, convert a Tzolkin date into a unique date in other calendars.

The day cycle formed the basis for Mayan religious events and has no relation to the solar year or lunar month. The Mayans frequently specified dates using both the Haab and Tzolkin calendars; dates of this form repeat only every 52 solar years. A bewildering variety of calendars have been and continue to be used in the Indian subcontinent. In the Indian government's Calendar Reform Committee adopted the National Calendar of India for civil purposes and, in addition, defined guidelines to standardise computation of the religious calendar, which is based on astronomical observations.

The civil calendar is used throughout India today for administrative purposes, but a variety of religious calendars remain in use. We present the civil calendar here. The National Calendar of India is composed of 12 months. The first month, Caitra , is 30 days in normal and 31 days in leap years. This is followed by five consecutive 31 day months, then six 30 day months. Leap years in the Indian calendar occur in the same years as as in the Gregorian calendar; the two calendars thus have identical accuracy and remain synchronised.

Years in the Indian calendar are counted from the start of the Saka Era, the equinox of March 22nd of year 79 in the Gregorian calendar, designated day 1 of month Caitra of year 1 in the Saka Era. Since year 1 of the Indian calendar differs from year 1 of the Gregorian, to determine whether a year in the Indian calendar is a leap year, add 78 to the year of the Saka era then apply the Gregorian calendar rule to the sum.

In with the relentlessly rational! Months are grouped into four seasons; the three months of each season end with the same letters and rhyme with one another. The calendar begins on Gregorian date September 22nd, , the September equinox and date of the founding of the First Republic. Subsequent years begin on the day in which the September equinox occurs as reckoned at the Paris meridian.

Days begin at true solar midnight. Whether the sans-culottides period contains five or six days depends on the actual date of the equinox. Consequently, there is no leap year rule per se : day years do not recur in a regular pattern but instead follow the dictates of astronomy. The Republican calendar is rare in that it has no concept of a seven day week. Instead, each of these holidays commemorates an aspect of the republican spirit.

Thus France, one of the first countries to adopt the Gregorian calendar in December , became the only country to subsequently abandon and then re-adopt it. During the period of the Paris Commune uprising in the Republican calendar was again briefly used. These two specifications are incompatible, as day years defined by the equinox do not recur on a regular four year schedule. This problem was recognised shortly after the calendar was proclaimed, but the calendar was abandoned five years before the first conflict would have occurred and the issue was never formally resolved.

Here we assume the equinox rule prevails, as a rigid four year cycle would be no more accurate than the Julian calendar, which couldn't possibly be the intent of its enlightened Republican designers. The first calendar week of a year: week 1, is that week which contains the first Thursday of the year or, equivalently, the week which includes January 4th of the year; the first day of that week is the previous Monday. The last week: week 52 or 53 depending on the date of Monday in the first week, is that which contains December 28th of the year.

The first ISO calendar week of a given year starts with a Monday which can be as early as December 29th of the previous year or as late as January 4th of the present; the last calendar week can end as late as Sunday, January 3rd of the subsequent year.

The hyphens may be elided for brevity and the day number omitted if not required. In solar calendars such as the Gregorian, only days and years have physical significance: days are defined by the rotation of the Earth, and years by its orbit about the Sun. Months, decoupled from the phases of the Moon, are but a memory of forgotten lunar calendars, while weeks of seven days are entirely a social construct—while most calendars in use today adopt a cycle of seven day names or numbers, calendars with name cycles ranging from four to sixty days have been used by other cultures in history.

ISO permits us to jettison the historical and cultural baggage of weeks and months and express a date simply by the year and day number within that year, ranging from for January 1st through in a leap year for December 31st. This format makes it easy to do arithmetic with dates within a year, and only slightly more complicated for periods which span year boundaries. You'll see this representation used in project planning and for specifying delivery dates. All ISO date formats have the advantages of being fixed length at least until the Y10K crisis rolls around and, when stored in a computer, of being sorted in date order by an alphanumeric sort of their textual representations.

The ISO week and day and day of year calendars are derivative of the Gregorian calendar and share its accuracy. Unix wisely adopted the convention that all internal dates and times for example, the time of creation and last modification of files were kept in Universal Time, and converted to local time based on a per-user time zone specification. This far-sighted choice has made it vastly easier to integrate Unix systems into far-flung networks without a chaos of conflicting time settings.

Many machines on which Unix was initially widely deployed could not support arithmetic on integers longer than 32 bits without costly multiple-precision computation in software.

The internal representation of time was therefore chosen to be the number of seconds elapsed since Universal time on January 1, in the Gregorian calendar Julian day The major drawback of Unix time representation is that, if kept as a 32 bit signed quantity, on January 19, it will go negative, resulting in chaos in programs unprepared for this. C compilers on Unix systems prior to 7th Edition lacked the bit long type. This is the reason why time accepts a pointer argument to the result prior to 7th Edition it returned a status, not the bit time and ctime requires a pointer to its input argument.

Thanks to Eric Allman author of sendmail for pointing out these historical nuggets. Spreadsheet calculations frequently need to do arithmetic with date and time quantities—for example, calculating the interest on a loan with a given term. Midnight on January 1, is day 1.

Time zone is unspecified in Excel dates, with the NOW function returning whatever the computer's clock is set to—in most cases local time, so when combining data from machines in different time zones you usually need to add or subtract the bias, which can differ over the year due to observance of summer time. Here we assume Excel dates represent Universal Greenwich Mean time, since there isn't any other rational choice.

But don't assume you can always get away with this.